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Volcanic ash is geographically the most widespread of all volcanic hazards. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) geologist Larry Mastin describes how volcanic ash can disrupt lives many thousands of miles from an erupting volcano. The development of ash cloud models and ash cloud disruption to air traffic is highlighted.
(Source: DCMP)
USGS (US Geological Survey) technologist Rick LaHusen describes how the development and deployment of instruments plays a crucial role in mitigating volcanic hazards.
Volcanic ash is known to present hazards to aviation, infrastructure, agriculture, and human and animal health. Airborne ash coats the exteriors of aircraft, enters modern jet engines and melts while coating the interior parts thus causing damage and failure. With support from the National Science Foundation, Volcanologist Dork Sahagian and his colleagues are learning more about the aerodynamic properties of ash, and how long different sizes and shapes stay in the atmosphere. They use a wind tunnel to study how ash travels in the atmosphere during and after volcanic eruptions. They want to develop ways to predict when and for how long damaging ash will fill the skies, and when it’s safe to fly again.
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) volcano seismologist, Seth Moran, describes how seismology and seismic networks are used to mitigate volcanic hazards.
Space weather can have important consequences for everyday life, such as interference with radio communication, GPS systems, electric power grids, the operation and orientation of satellites, oil and gas drilling, and even air travel as high altitude pilots and astronauts can be subjected to enhanced levels of radiation. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) Geomagnetism Program monitors variations in the Earth's magnetic field through a network of 14 ground-based observatories around the United States and its territories, providing data in real-time to a variety of customers.
With support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Forrest Masters and a team at the University of Florida are developing new technologies to help engineers and scientists better understand the strong, high-wind storms that batter communities along U.S. coastlines. The National Home Education Research Institute (NHERI) has the broad goal of supporting research that will improve the resilience and sustainability of civil infrastructure against the natural hazards of earthquakes and windstorms. Part of the "Science Nation" series.
California’s Lava Beds National Monument is a land of turmoil, both geological and historical. Over the last half-million years, volcanic eruptions on the Medicine Lake shield volcano have created a rugged landscape dotted with diverse volcanic features. The monument is also home to more than 700 caves, Native American rock art sites, and historic battlefields from America’s Native American wars.
Volcanoes are a part of the earth, and they have intrigued people for hundreds of years. Scientists study the earth's plates in order to understand the complexity of volcanic activity around the world. They also study different types of lava, rocks, and the gases that have dissolved into rocks. In the past, studying volcanic activity was extremely dangerous for scientists. Now they have access to tools, such as global positioning systems and seismometers, to help in predicting volcanic activity.
Pompeii, Italy, resort city for wealthy Romans, was buried under volcanic ash and debris for 1500 years when Mt. Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD. Reenactments and scenes from the excavated city blend into an abbreviated account of what happened that day. Narrated by Leonard Nimoy.
Photogrammetry is the science of making precise measurements by the use of photography. United States Geological Survey (USGS) geologist Angie Diefenbach describes how she uses a digital camera and computer software to understand the growth rate of lava domes during a volcanic eruption.
Antarctica' largest ice shelf is giving off some spooky vibes. With the help of extremely sensitive seismic sensors, scientists confirmed that winds blowing across the snow dunes of the ice shelf cause the surface to rumble. Other segments include the oldest clue of animal life, volcanic super-eruptions, and contraction and expansion of the tropical belt. Part of the "4 Awesome Discoveries You Probably Didn't Hear About This Week" series.
United States Geological Survey geologist, Angie Diefenbach, describes how she uses GIS (Geographic Information Systems) software to study volcanic erupts and their impacts on society.
Part of a series that features a wide variety of video footage, photographs, diagrams, graphics, and labels. For this particular video, students will focus on the conditions needed for hurricanes to form as well as the hazards they pose. Part of the Science Video Vocab series.
While it may not always seem possible, Earth is continually changing. Students gain insight into geological processes such as the formation of land, erosion, and volcanic eruptions. Other Earth processes are also investigated.
Part of a series that features a wide variety of video footage, photographs, diagrams, graphics, and labels. For this particular video, students will focus on the hazards of flooding caused by river floods, coastal floods, and flash floods. Part of the Science Video Vocab series.
Part of a series that features a wide variety of video footage, photographs, diagrams and colorful, animated graphics and labels. For this particular video, students will focus on the geological causes of a tsunami and their devastating effects on land and people. Part of the Science Video Vocab Series.
This video focuses on important characteristics of climate and explains how ice cores tell the story of climate change. It also clarifies the concept of proxies and reveals the measures that climate scientists use as proxies. Part of the "Ice Cores: Unlocking Past Climates" series.
Scientists believe that 80 percent of the volcanic eruptions on Earth take place in the ocean. Most of these volcanoes are thousands of feet deep and difficult to find. In May of 2009, scientists captured the deepest ocean eruption ever found. Nearly 4000 feet below the surface of the Pacific Ocean, the West Mata volcano was discovered.
Looks at the hazards that may be encountered during a trip to the beach, both in and out of the water, and demonstrates ways to prevent or avoid them. Provides information on hypothermia, riptides, marine life, and sunburns. Also covers boardwalk injuries, board surfing accidents, and ocean pollution. Includes question-and-answer segments with beachgoers, incident reenactments, and interviews with veteran lifeguards of Newport Beach, California.
